Fracking … benefits and risks

Dramatic improvements in technique for extracting oil and gas from deep sandstone and shale rock seams is credited by some with a major recent reversal of fortune for the oil and gas industry in the US. The more ambitious claims are that the US could remove it’s dependence on imported oil in a decade.

Thousands of new fields and wells are being established all over the US to extract oil and gas using horizontal directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing – fracking. Production, particularly of gas, is rising fast. And the gas is cheap. Continue reading

Posted in risk, technology, why do people do what they do | Tagged , , , , | Leave a comment

Holden succumbs

I’ve enjoyed owning and driving 5 different Holdens in my time. Good workmanlike, middle-of-the-road cars, all of them. It will be kind of a pity to see Australian made Holdens eventually disappear from the market.

My current VW is great. So, at one level I could, like most Australians I guess, just shrug, get over it, and move on.

For Australia, that feeling would probably be okay if we were talking about simple things like kettles, or barbeques, or office chairs … but we’re not. Continue reading

Posted in employment, politics and leadership, tough times | Tagged , , , , , , | Leave a comment

Bubbles anywhere?

Just about every relevant source I read is now writing about bubbles.

Are we, or aren’t we, inflating bubbles? The Economist is typical:

“TALK of bubbles is in the air again. The Dow Jones Industrial Average has hit an all-time high. … Twitter has floated its shares on a flood of investor demand. Private-equity groups are buying companies using amounts of debt not seen since 2008. [Property and artworks are making new records] … Robert Shiller of Yale University, who correctly identified bubbles in tech stocks in the late 1990s and in property in the 2000s, has expressed unease about giddy American share valuations.

… The Economist’s house-price indicators suggest that property in New Zealand, Canada and Australia is substantially overvalued …

The Japanese stockmarket is up 51% so far this year …”

… on and on the examples go.

And, on and on go the rationalisations, by some, that we are not in a bubble (yet) in this or that market. Even the Reserve Bank recently used the “not yet” language regarding Sydney house prices a few weeks ago. But everyone is watchful. No-one wants to miss the top.

In this context the Wall Street stock market is key. How often have you heard the talking heads talking about the markets “taking their lead” from Wall Street. When Wall Street is bullish everyone wants in on the party. When it turns bearish, or collapses, everyone wants out. (September 2008).

Another common characteristic of many financial markets is the distinct asymmetry between the slow climb up and the steep fall down.

So let’s just look at Wall Street.

This, from Zerohedge a few days ago:

1929again

 

Interesting correlation, don’t you think? … and, the Zerohedge post goes on …

They say those who forget the lessons of history are doomed to repeat them.

As a student of market history, I’ve seen that maxim made true time and again. The cycle swings, fear back to greed. The overcautious become the overzealous. And at the top, the story is always the same: Too much credit, too much speculation, the suspension of disbelief, and the spread of the idea that this time is different.

And then the current Wall Street sentiment is described (pretty accurately if one is to base it on widespread writings and data I’ve seen) as follows …

… bullish sentiment at record highs, margin debt at record highs, bears capitulating left and right, and a market that is increasingly dependent on brokerage credit, Federal Reserve stimulus, and a fantasy that corporate profitability will never again come under pressure.

Eerie, isn’t it?

Posted in financial markets | Tagged , , , , , | Leave a comment

US jobs – spinning the data

There was quite some buoyancy in the commentary on the US economy last week.

The US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) released it’s monthly jobs data. Because the Federal Reserve has said it is more focused on employment than inflation, this is now the most watched and anticipated US economic data each month.

The official BLS news release started thus: “The unemployment rate declined from 7.3 percent to 7.0 percent in November, and total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 203,000.

Obama was buoyed too by news on Friday that the U.S. jobless rate hit a five-year low of 7.0 percent.” said Reuters. So, as you would expect, newspapers all over the place parroted Reuters news release, presumably without looking any deeper.

The New York Times reported on the story this way:

After years of frustrating fits and starts in the wake of the financial crisis and the Great Recession, the United States economy finally appears to be generating jobs at a healthier, more sustainable pace that many analysts now think will continue into 2014. The official unemployment rate fell in November to its lowest level since 2008.

Employers have hired at least 200,000 workers in three of the last four months, including 203,000 in November.

And the normally taciturn (and accurate) Economist newspaper reported this:

The American economy is plugging along at a surprisingly steady clip and dragging employment with it as it goes. According to new data from the Bureau of Labour Statistics, the American economy added 203,000 jobs in November. That’s a shade above the average of 195,000 net new hires per month over the past year (though not meaningfully so given the margin of error). In the 12 months to November private firms added 2.3m new workers: not the best performance of the recovery but well above average.

The jobs figures are just the latest in encouraging news from around the economy.

Sounds good. What’s not to like about this? Unemployment down from it’s peak of 10% in 2009 to 7%, and more than 2 million new jobs in the last year.

Here’s what’s not to like.

In the exact same release from the BLS are these figures.

US civilian institutionalised population, now 246,567,000. One year ago 244,174,000. An increase of 2.393,000. Fair enough, the population rose. We all know that.

But then this. US civilian labor force, now 155,294,000. One year ago 155,319,000. A decrease of 25,000.

That’s right. The population grew, but the workforce shrank. What sort of economic growth is that?

Hardly cause for the politicians and the media to be celebrating.

Go back up and re-read the quotes from the NYT and The Economist above. Spin, group think, and delusion at their finest!

(If you missed it, you might want to check my more detailed explanation of the spin here.)

Posted in employment | Tagged , , , , , , | Leave a comment

Australian entitlement is in for a great shock

David Llewellyn-Smith is on a roll. The ABC picked up his great article from Macro Business and put on The Drum at the weekend, summarised thus:

“Australia’s business environment is unsustainable, and propping up dying companies like Qantas rather than improving competiveness will only make the problem worse, writes David Llewellyn-Smith.”

David’s two central points are these:

The first is that Australia is on the verge of an economic reckoning of a magnitude that few understand. … [We are at] the end of a series of booms that have left our economy so bloated, and our real exchange rate so high, that we are unable to compete successfully in just about anything that is not buried in the ground [mining] or concreted into it [housing].

The second point I’ve argued is that our economic mandarins of the day – Labor, Liberal, the executive and monetary authorities – would be serving the nation best by getting ahead of this adjustment. They should be preparing the nation for a generational belt-tightening; they should be talking down costs and talking up productivity; they should be enacting new policy settings ensuring that we preserve every potential dollar of export revenue available to the economy; they should have done whatever it took to lower the dollar; they should have innovated policy to ensure housing stayed in its box; they should have done what it took to ensure some diversity in our economic output; they should have given us all the reasons why it was needed, over and over again.

Says it all really … we have a seriously uncompetitive economy and our leaders don’t get it. The obvious consequence is that the voters don’t get it either. He goes on …

We have, in short, done absolutely nothing to prepare for what is coming. We have pretended it’s not happening in the hope that something will come along.

Something will come along alright … and it won’t be pleasant.

A community/society/polity often needs a great crisis to shock it into action, into a change of direction. Naomi Klein’s great book The Shock Doctrine talks about shocks at turning points in history.

In many ways, 2008 was was not a big enough crisis. … Maybe next time?

Anyway, read the whole piece here. It’s well worth five minutes.

Posted in politics and leadership, tough times | Tagged , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

High house prices cause Qantas mess

Well now … high Australian house prices are clearly not the only cause of the mess at Qantas, but there is a clear causal connection.

What on earth is it? Read on and I’ll show you.

At the time of the Qantas labour lock-out in 2011 I blogged this.

“Cut away all the tactics and spin and it’s obvious that Qantas International faces ever more sophisticated and vigorous competition from Asian and Middle Eastern airlines. Many of these airlines provide better service and lower fares: small wonder then that they are winning ever greater market share from Qantas. Qantas says their competitors operate at a 20% cost advantage, and they can’t beat ’em so they want to join ‘em, at the expense of Australian jobs. That’s a fair enough business position for Qantas, because un-addressed, high costs will otherwise eventually kill Qantas International.”

“On the other hand the Qantas workforce, or at least important parts of it, is doubtless facing the same cost of living and household budget pressures that we see every day among our tenants, landlords and the wider community. They face high and increasing costs. They don’t have the flexibility to “compete” with Asian workers with lower household costs. So quite obviously they will try to bargain with Qantas for a deal that provides security and allows them to keep up.”

Two years on and nothing has changed …

Housing is the biggest single cost in Australian workers’ household budget, right? So now, here’s the connection to house prices …

Neither Qantas nor its workforce can easily give in: it’s a battle for survival because of the costs each “side” faces. But if the cost of housing themselves (in the world’s most unaffordable housing) was way less, Qantas’ Australian workforce would not need to battle their employer, Qantas’ cost would be lower, the airline more competitive, and jobs more secure.

This same big picture (of uncompetitive high costs in Australia) has already killed countless companies in many industries recently (Ford, Gove Alumina, Angus & Robertson and SPC Ardmona are just examples). The tourism industry is squeaking, the huge inbound higher education sector is struggling, and everyone in retail is looking over their shoulder.

And then, of course, there’s Holden. The underlying issue is just the same.

So the Qantas saga is yet another harbinger of much more fundamental structural (cost) problems for the Australian economy. And, one of the biggest structural issues is the “value” of our biggest asset – residential housing – and costs faced by the residents to pay for it, be that rent or mortgage payments.

So, Paul Sheehan can rant as he does in today’s SMH. He can suggest that we just let Qantas and Holden close down. He doesn’t seem to care. Actually, I don’t seek to come down on either side of Sheehan’s question (let them fail, or not). I really don’t know enough, and can see merit in both sides of that argument.

But it’s the wrong question …

The real issue for Government, and the community, is our economy-wide uncompetitive cost structure (in which housing ourselves happens to be, by far, the biggest single component). When we start to properly address that, we’ll be focused on the right question.

Posted in employment, tough times | Tagged , , , , | Leave a comment

Australia’s mining boom … opportunity missed

That Australia has seen an epic boom in mining over the last 10 years is undisputed. Notwithstanding the uncertainties hanging around in the world economy, big export earnings from mining look set to continue.

What have we got to show for it?

Unlike most in the world, it seems we are more prosperous. Incomes have risen for sure. But we’ve blown it on getting too “relaxed and comfortable”; on housing; and on “stuff”.

The proof? … We now have more net public and private debt than we had 10 years ago. Our savings and reserves are paltry. And most are deluded about what’s coming. Continue reading

Posted in debt, politics and leadership, why do people do what they do | Tagged , , , , , , | Leave a comment

Nelson Mandela …

… an extraordinary life ends.

No-one and nothing more important to ponder today …

Posted in politics and leadership | 1 Comment

Are the adults in charge yet?

Tony Abbott promised that the adults would take charge again in Canberra. But it’s hard to find anyone who thinks that’s happened.

Yesterday the ABC published a piece from the usually even handed commentator David Llewellyn-Smith that sums things up pretty well.

He describes the confusion:

… the Abbott Government’s recent performance can … be interpreted as politicised, populist, nationalist, socialist, neo-conservative, realist, fiscally responsible and irresponsible, reformist, random, honest and mendacious, all at once.

That just about covers it!

Then he describes the central problem:

The vortex [of policy confusion] is stirred by one overriding truth: the Australian economy is under intense competitive strain. Australian businesses in tradeable sectors like Qantas and Graincorp will continue to fail as our cost base is now too high to sustain our standards of living. Tensions within the Budget will keep rising as the nation moves beyond the mining boom and the terms of trade fall further. Climate change will steadily ratchet up pressure on both companies and reform-directed public spending and the demographic challenges recently outlined by the RBA and Treasury will pinch everything a little more each year.

So far the Government has acknowledged very little of this. Mostly it has done the opposite, endorsing the old economic growth model of rising house prices and wealth effects as the path to prosperity. It plans to support this with public investment in infrastructure which appears rushed rather than productivity-focused. These two approaches make the underlying problem of a bloated real exchange rate worse.

It’s pretty clear the Governor of the Reserve Bank would agree. Allowing for strangely muted language of central bankers, he has made it abundantly clear that the exchange rate is too high, and that the exuberance in rising house prices is of serious concern. (It’s these two issues that place the RBA on the horns of an impossible dilemma I’ve written about elsewhere.)

Meanwhile, whilst boats are being stopped, house prices are rising, and electricity bill reductions are promised, vast numbers of voters remain deluded that all is well.

The chaos and delusion will continue until someone credible is adult enough to stand up and start telling the voters the truth about what’s ahead.

Who will that be?

Malcolm?

Posted in politics and leadership, tough times | Tagged , , , | 2 Comments

Interest rate announcements … what a circus!

Today the Reserve Bank held interest rates at their current 60 year low, 2.5%. Was that because they haven’t a clue what to do next? … when in doubt, do nothing?

Within minutes, my phone and email was alight with the ritual unsolicited (pre-written) “news” from all over the place: property gurus; banks; finance brokers. Without exception they offered nothing new. Most just spouted their party line.

This post is not one of those …

This pre-occupation (obsession even) with this month’s interest rates seems absurd.

I have never seen any clear evidence of sensible people making business or personal decisions about how much debt they will take on based on what the interest rate is in any particular month. Let’s take a look … Continue reading

Posted in debt, financial markets | Tagged , | Leave a comment